How to travel around Poland
So you're studying in Poland, and you want to explore. Maybe you want to visit Kraków's historic center, see the Baltic Sea in Gdańsk, or check out Wrocław's colorful architecture. But here's the thing – Poland is bigger than you think, and figuring out how to get around can feel overwhelming. Trains? Buses? Planes? Blablacar? Your own two feet? What's the best option? And more importantly – what's the cheapest?
Here's the good news: Poland has a pretty solid transportation network. It's not perfect (what is?), but it's generally reliable, affordable, and student-friendly. The key is knowing your options and how to use them. Because let's be honest – you're a student. Your budget is tight, but your wanderlust is real.
This guide will walk you through all the ways to get around Poland, from high-speed trains to budget buses to hitchhiking (yes, it's still a thing here). We'll talk about student discounts (because they're everywhere, and you should use them), apps that make travel easier, and how to avoid the common mistakes that cost you time and money.
The Reality Check: What You Need to Know
Before we dive into specific transportation options, let's get real about a few things:
Student discounts are your friend:
- Student ID (legitymacja studencka): Get one immediately. It's your golden ticket to 51% off trains and buses.
- Always ask: Even if discounts aren't advertised, ask. Many places offer student rates.
- Age matters too: If you're under 26, you might get additional discounts even without a student ID.
Plan ahead (but not too much):
- Booking in advance usually saves money, especially for trains
- But last-minute deals exist too, especially for buses
- Flexibility = savings
Language:
- Most transportation websites have English versions
- Ticket machines often have English options
- But learning basic Polish helps (especially for buses and local transport)
Apps are essential:
- Download transportation apps before you need them
- Offline maps are your friend
- Google Translate works, but local apps are often better
Trains: The Classic (And Often Best) Option
PKP Intercity: Long-Distance Trains
What it is: Poland's main long-distance train operator. Connects major cities.
Types of trains:
- EIC (Express InterCity): Fastest, most comfortable, most expensive
- IC (InterCity): Fast, comfortable, good balance
- TLK (Twoje Linie Kolejowe): Slower, cheaper, still decent
- Regional trains: Slower, cheapest, good for shorter distances
Student discounts:
- 51% off with student ID (legitymacja studencka)
- Applies to most ticket types
- You need to show your ID when buying and on the train
How to book:
- Online: PKP Intercity website or app
- At the station: Ticket offices or machines (machines often have English)
- On the train: Sometimes possible, but more expensive
Pro tips:
- Book in advance for cheaper prices (especially EIC/IC)
- TLK trains are slower but much cheaper
- Regional trains are great for shorter trips (under 2 hours)
- Always validate your ticket if you buy at the station
- Trains can be delayed (especially in winter), so don't plan tight connections
Cost:
- EIC/IC: 80-200 PLN full price (40-100 PLN with student discount)
- TLK: 40-120 PLN full price (20-60 PLN with student discount)
- Regional: 20-60 PLN full price (10-30 PLN with student discount)
Regional Trains: For Shorter Distances
What it is: Trains that connect cities within regions. Slower but cheaper.
Operators: Various regional operators (SKM, KM, etc.)
Student discounts: Usually 51% off with student ID
When to use: Trips under 2-3 hours, exploring regions
Pro tip: These are often the cheapest option for regional travel. Not super fast, but reliable and affordable.
Buses: The Budget-Friendly Option
Long-Distance Buses
Main operators:
- FlixBus: International operator, covers most of Poland
- PolskiBus: Polish operator (now part of FlixBus network)
- PKS: Polish state buses, covers many routes
- Local operators: Various regional bus companies
Why buses:
- Usually cheaper than trains (especially last-minute)
- Often more frequent
- Good coverage of smaller cities
- Student discounts available (usually 10-20% off)
When to use:
- Budget is tight
- You're flexible with time
- Trains don't go where you need
- Last-minute travel
Pro tips:
- Book online in advance for best prices
- FlixBus app is user-friendly and has English
- Buses can be delayed in traffic, so plan accordingly
- Bring snacks – bus station food is expensive
- Wi-Fi is usually available but quality varies
Cost: Usually 30-100 PLN, depending on distance and booking time. Student discounts available.
Local Buses: Getting Around Cities
What it is: City buses, trams, and sometimes metro/subway systems.
Student discounts:
- 50% off with student ID in most cities
- Monthly passes are usually cheaper if you travel regularly
- Some cities have special student transportation cards
How to buy tickets:
- Ticket machines: At stops/stations (often have English)
- Mobile apps: Many cities have apps for buying tickets
- On board: Sometimes possible, but more expensive
- Monthly passes: Usually best value if you use transport regularly
Pro tips:
- Validate your ticket immediately – fines are high (200+ PLN)
- Student tickets require showing your ID
- Monthly passes are worth it if you use transport 3+ times per week
- Apps are usually easier than machines
- Keep your student ID with you always
Cost: Single ticket usually 3-5 PLN (1.5-2.5 PLN with student discount). Monthly passes 50-100 PLN with student discount.
Planes: For Longer Distances
When to fly:
- Traveling from one end of Poland to the other (e.g., Gdańsk to Kraków)
- Time is more important than money
- International connections
Main airports:
- Warsaw (WAW, WMI): Main international hub
- Kraków (KRK): Popular tourist destination
- Gdańsk (GDN): Northern Poland
- Wrocław (WRO): Western Poland
- Poznań (POZ): Central Poland
Airlines:
- LOT: Polish national airline
- Ryanair: Budget airline (flies to some Polish cities)
- Wizz Air: Budget airline (limited routes in Poland)
Pro tips:
- Domestic flights are usually more expensive than trains
- Budget airlines sometimes have deals, but check baggage fees
- Airport transfers can add significant cost
- For most student budgets, trains are better value
Cost: Usually 200-600 PLN for domestic flights, depending on route and booking time.
Blablacar: The Social Option
What it is: Carpooling platform. Ride with people driving your direction.
Why it's great:
- Usually cheaper than trains/buses
- Direct routes (no transfers)
- Meet locals
- Flexible pickup/dropoff points
Why it might not be:
- Less reliable (drivers can cancel)
- Safety concerns (though generally safe)
- Language barrier sometimes
- Not always available for your route
How to use:
- Download Blablacar app
- Search for your route
- Book and pay through the app
- Meet driver at agreed location
Pro tips:
- Read driver reviews
- Book in advance for popular routes
- Have a backup plan (driver might cancel)
- Cash payment is sometimes possible, but app is safer
- Popular routes (Warsaw-Kraków, etc.) have many options
Cost: Usually 30-80 PLN, depending on distance. Often cheaper than trains/buses.
Renting a Car: For Maximum Flexibility
When it makes sense:
- Traveling with a group (splitting costs)
- Exploring rural areas
- Multiple destinations in short time
- You have a valid license
Requirements:
- Valid driver's license (EU license works, others might need international permit)
- Credit card (usually required)
- Age restrictions (usually 21+, sometimes 25+ for certain cars)
- Insurance (usually included, but check)
Rental companies:
- International: Hertz, Avis, Europcar, Sixt
- Local: Panek, Express, various smaller companies
Pro tips:
- Book in advance for better prices
- Compare prices online
- Check what's included (insurance, mileage limits, etc.)
- Read reviews – some companies are better than others
- Fuel costs add up – factor that in
- Parking in cities can be expensive and difficult
Cost: Usually 100-300 PLN per day, depending on car type and rental company. Plus fuel and parking.
Bikes: For the Active (And Eco-Conscious)
City bike-sharing:
- Many Polish cities have bike-sharing systems
- Nextbike: Popular in many cities
- Veturilo: Warsaw's system
- Usually cheap (often first 20 minutes free)
Bringing your own bike:
- Trains allow bikes (usually need to buy bike ticket)
- Buses sometimes allow bikes (check with operator)
- Many cities are bike-friendly
Pro tips:
- Great for exploring cities
- Many cities have bike lanes
- Helmets aren't required but recommended
- Lock your bike properly
- Weather-dependent (winter biking is... challenging)
Cost: Bike-sharing usually 1-5 PLN per ride or monthly passes available.
Hitchhiking: The Ultimate Budget Option
Is it safe? Generally yes, but use common sense. Poland is relatively safe for hitchhiking.
How to do it:
- Stand at gas stations or highway entrances
- Use a sign with your destination
- Look presentable and friendly
- Trust your instincts
Pro tips:
- More common in rural areas
- Less reliable than other options
- Free, but time-consuming
- Have a backup plan
- Not recommended for solo female travelers late at night
Cost: Free (though offering gas money is polite).
Apps That Make Travel Easier
Transportation Apps
Jakdojade.pl / Jakdojade app:
- Public transport routes and schedules
- Available in major cities
- Shows real-time arrivals
- English available
PKP Intercity app:
- Book train tickets
- Check schedules
- Manage bookings
- English available
FlixBus app:
- Book bus tickets
- Check schedules
- Manage bookings
- English available
Blablacar app:
- Find carpool rides
- Book and pay
- Chat with drivers
- English available
Navigation Apps
Google Maps:
- Works well in Poland
- Public transport directions
- Offline maps available
- English
Maps.me:
- Offline maps
- Good for hiking/outdoor activities
- Free
Student Discounts: Your Secret Weapon
Train discounts:
- 51% off with student ID (legitymacja studencka)
- Applies to most PKP Intercity trains
- Also applies to regional trains
Bus discounts:
- Usually 10-20% off with student ID
- Varies by operator
- Always ask
Local transport:
- 50% off in most cities
- Monthly passes are cheaper
- Some cities have special student cards
How to get discounts:
- Always carry your student ID
- Ask if discounts aren't advertised
- Book through student portals when available
- Check university student services for special deals
Tips for Budget Travel
- Book in advance: Usually cheaper, especially for trains
- Be flexible: Off-peak times are cheaper
- Use student discounts: Always. Everywhere.
- Compare options: Trains vs. buses vs. Blablacar
- Travel light: Avoid baggage fees
- Pack snacks: Station/airport food is expensive
- Use apps: They often have better prices and deals
- Consider monthly passes: If you travel regularly
- Travel with friends: Split costs for car rentals, taxis
- Walk when possible: Free and good exercise
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Not validating tickets: Fines are high (200+ PLN)
- Forgetting student ID: Can't get discounts without it
- Booking last minute: Usually more expensive
- Not checking schedules: Some routes have limited service
- Ignoring delays: Trains/buses can be late, plan buffer time
- Not reading fine print: Check baggage limits, cancellation policies
- Overpacking: Extra baggage fees add up
The Bottom Line
Getting around Poland is totally doable, even on a student budget. The key is knowing your options and using student discounts (seriously, get that student ID). Trains are usually the best balance of speed, comfort, and price. Buses are cheaper but slower. Blablacar is great for flexibility and meeting people. And sometimes, the best way to explore is just walking around.
Don't be afraid to explore. Poland has so much to offer beyond the main cities. Use your student status. Download the apps. And remember – getting lost is sometimes the best way to discover a place.
Powodzenia! (Good luck!) Now go explore. Poland is waiting for you.